All Spanish citizens, whether or not they have been offended by the crime, can file a complaint, exercising the popular action established in article 101 of this Law.
Foreigners may also file a complaint for crimes committed against their persons or property or the persons or property of those they represent, after compliance with the provisions of Article 280, if they are not included in the last paragraph of Article 281.
art 270 lecrim
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Article 270 of the Criminal Procedure Law Spanish, refers to the complaint and establishes that all Spanish citizens can file a complaint.